Gas and payment
One very important concept in Ethereum is the concept of fees. Every computation that occurs as a result of a transaction on the Ethereum network incurs a fee — there’s no free lunch! This fee is paid in a denomination called “gas.”
Gas is the unit used to measure the fees required for a particular computation. Gas price is the amount of Ether you are willing to spend on every unit of gas, and is measured in “gwei.” “Wei” is the smallest unit of Ether, where 1⁰¹⁸ Wei represents 1 Ether. One gwei is 1,000,000,000 Wei.
With every transaction, a sender sets a gas limit and gas price. The product of gas price and gas limit represents the maximum amount of Wei that the sender is willing to pay for executing a transaction.
For example, let’s say the sender sets the gas limit to 50,000 and a gas price to 20 gwei. This implies that the sender is willing to spend at most 50,000 x 20 gwei = 1,000,000,000,000,000 Wei = 0.001 Ether to execute that transaction.
Image for post
Remember that the gas limit represents the maximum gas the sender is willing to spend money on. If they have enough Ether in their account balance to cover this maximum, they’re good to go. The sender is refunded for any unused gas at the end of the transaction, exchanged at the original rate.
Image for post
In the case that the sender does not provide the necessary gas to execute the transaction, the transaction runs “out of gas” and is considered invalid. In this case, the transaction processing aborts and any state changes that occurred are reversed, such that we end up back at the state of Ethereum prior to the transaction. Additionally, a record of the transaction failing gets recorded, showing what transaction was attempted and where it failed. And since the machine already expended effort to run the calculations before running out of gas, logically, none of the gas is refunded to the sender.
Image for post
Where exactly does this gas money go? All the money spent on gas by the sender is sent to the “beneficiary” address, which is typically the miner’s address. Since miners are expending the effort to run computations and validate transactions, miners receive the gas fee as a reward.
Image for post
Typically, the higher the gas price the sender is willing to pay, the greater the value the miner derives from the transaction. Thus, the more likely miners will be to select it. In this way, miners are free to choose which transactions they want to validate or ignore. In order to guide senders on what gas price to set, miners have the option of advertising the minimum gas price for which they will execute transactions.
There are fees for storage, too
Not only is gas used to pay for computation steps, it is also used to pay for storage usage. The total fee for storage is proportional to the smallest multiple of 32 bytes used.
Fees for storage have some nuanced aspects. For example, since increased storage increases the size of the Ethereum state database on all nodes, there’s an incentive to keep the amount of data stored small. For this reason, if a transaction has a step that clears an entry in the storage, the fee for executing that operation of is waived, AND a refund is given for freeing up storage space.
What’s the purpose of fees?
One important aspect of the way the Ethereum works is that every single operation executed by the network is simultaneously effected by every full node. However, computational steps on the Ethereum Virtual Machine are very expensive. Therefore, Ethereum smart contracts are best used for simple tasks, like running simple business logic or verifying signatures and other cryptographic objects, rather than more complex uses, like file storage, email, or machine learning, which can put a strain on the network. Imposing fees prevents users from overtaxing the network.
Ethereum is a Turing complete language. (In short, a Turing machine is a machine that can simulate any computer algorithm (for those not familiar with Turing machines, check out this and this). This allows for loops and makes Ethereum susceptible to the halting problem, a problem in which you cannot determine whether or not a program will run infinitely. If there were no fees, a malicious actor could easily try to disrupt the network by executing an infinite loop within a transaction, without any repercussions. Thus, fees protect the network from deliberate attacks.
You might be thinking, “why do we also have to pay for storage?” Well, just like computation, storage on the Ethereum network is a cost that the entire network has to take the burden of.
Ключевое слово
ann monero
ethereum casino bitcoin cny tether комиссии bitcoin de
статистика ethereum korbit bitcoin Speaking purely from the point of view of cryptocurrency, if you know the public address of one of these big companies, you can simply pop it in an explorer and look at all the transactions that they have engaged in. This forces them to be honest, something that they have never had to deal with before.bitcoin ocean bitcoin webmoney bitcoin начало ethereum faucet
bitcoin trade использование bitcoin bitcoin обсуждение mining ethereum bitcoin monkey
japan bitcoin bitcoin pro cryptocurrency forum flash bitcoin ethereum stats кошелька bitcoin ethereum node 1024 bitcoin bitcoin часы новости monero bitcoin script Whenever a user accesses the Wikipedia page, they will get the updated version of the 'master copy' of the Wikipedia entry. Control of the database remains with Wikipedia administrators allowing for access and permissions to be maintained by a central authority.okpay bitcoin bitcoin png
gold, whose aggregate value is estimated to be -$9T (May 2020) between central bankbitcoin bux Best Bitcoin mining hardware: Your top choices for choosing the best Bitcoin mining hardware for building the ultimate Bitcoin mining machine.Lee would go on to a career in technology before creating Litecoin, working at Internet giant Google. He later joined cryptocurrency exchange Coinbase as Director of Engineering in 2013.bitcoin картинки использование bitcoin биткоин bitcoin avto bitcoin bitcoin symbol сеть bitcoin bitcoin options cryptocurrency rates bitcoin instagram monero btc bitcoin софт отследить bitcoin space bitcoin
блокчейн ethereum
bitcoin кошелька btc ethereum обмен tether bitcoin agario loans bitcoin bitcoin register bitcoin club bitcoin форки love bitcoin bitcoin security капитализация bitcoin trading bitcoin теханализ bitcoin programming bitcoin майнер ethereum bitcoin twitter lottery bitcoin комиссия bitcoin joker bitcoin cryptocurrency bitcoin форк bitcoin ethereum twitter bitcoin markets bot bitcoin bitcoin dance stealer bitcoin linux bitcoin bitcoin 99 рубли bitcoin bitcoin history краны monero bitcoin приложение happy bitcoin форумы bitcoin bitcoin бизнес
tether верификация accepts bitcoin utxo bitcoin bitcoin friday dice bitcoin bitcoin phoenix bitcoin broker
bitcoin хардфорк flash bitcoin 1 ethereum bitcoin steam rbc bitcoin bitcoin phoenix galaxy bitcoin 2048 bitcoin
algorithm bitcoin bitcoin удвоитель bitcoin крах хайпы bitcoin bitcoin microsoft monero free genesis bitcoin обзор bitcoin Whether it ultimately succeeds or fails, Bitcoin is a beautifully-constructed protocol. Genius is apparent in its design to most people who study it in depth, in terms of the way it blends math, computer science, cyber security, monetary economics, and game theory.зарабатывать bitcoin bitcoin tools прогноз ethereum planet bitcoin порт bitcoin bitcoin трейдинг исходники bitcoin calculator ethereum clame bitcoin monero hardware ethereum homestead
bitcoin greenaddress aliexpress bitcoin ethereum контракт майнер monero bitcoin баланс tether usb mikrotik bitcoin app bitcoin monero miner bitcoin ads бесплатные bitcoin кошельки ethereum bitcoin crush майнить monero bitcoin india bitcoin рейтинг bitcoin 3 bitcoin rpg е bitcoin dwarfpool monero ethereum russia swarm ethereum ethereum windows bitcoin node security bitcoin Best Bitcoin mining hardware: Your top choices for choosing the best Bitcoin mining hardware for building the ultimate Bitcoin mining machine.bitcoin обозреватель конец bitcoin Very securebitcoin 10000 bank interventionism, which affects and undermines the financial systembitcoin перспективы monero обмен
bitcoin минфин ethereum news monero pro pull bitcoin polkadot ico cryptocurrency gold
mmm bitcoin app bitcoin bitcoin otc coingecko ethereum kran bitcoin bitcoin шахты bitcoin multibit bitcoin youtube bitcoin cryptocurrency erc20 ethereum freeman bitcoin avatrade bitcoin parity ethereum bitcoin компания proxy bitcoin golden bitcoin
bitcoin forum bitcoin click daemon monero
bitcoin теханализ bitcoin работа click bitcoin second bitcoin эмиссия ethereum bitfenix bitcoin
bitcoin live
bitcoin minecraft
chart bitcoin ethereum видеокарты обменник monero bitcoin зарегистрировать 2016 bitcoin хайпы bitcoin bitcoin депозит tether верификация monero майнеры monero курс bitcoin кранов bitcoin лопнет bitcoin государство платформ ethereum bitcoin reindex accelerator bitcoin ethereum транзакции bitcoin video цена bitcoin bitcoin development bitcoin pool Once verified by the other miners, the winner securely adds the new block to the existing chain.market bitcoin
siiz bitcoin monero hashrate bitcoin best store bitcoin price bitcoin обмен bitcoin bitcoin eu bitcoin lurkmore динамика ethereum bitcoin настройка habr bitcoin обмен tether unconfirmed bitcoin iso bitcoin bitcoin биткоин json bitcoin bitcoin scam
express bitcoin bitcoin dat bitcoin hashrate bitcoin отследить ropsten ethereum bitcoin ваучер tether комиссии tether обменник forum ethereum bitcoin 2016 cryptocurrency это 6000 bitcoin bitcoin crush bitcoin payment ethereum coins space bitcoin
ethereum ios bitcoin generate bitcoin hack курса ethereum bitcoin motherboard fun bitcoin electrodynamic tether bitcoin coins ethereum mist windows bitcoin tether майнинг client ethereum blocks bitcoin bitcoin etherium bitcoin etherium конвектор bitcoin talk bitcoin bitcoin инвестирование connect bitcoin bitcoin монета xpub bitcoin mikrotik bitcoin byzantium ethereum monero 1070 bitcoin analytics компания bitcoin ethereum raiden ethereum coins отзывы ethereum ethereum asic
реклама bitcoin капитализация ethereum bitcoin word bitcoin транзакция исходники bitcoin
cryptocurrency charts bitcoin зарегистрировать roulette bitcoin bitcoin xt bitcoin vip bitcoin mercado avto bitcoin ethereum биржа ethereum алгоритм cryptocurrency calendar часы bitcoin bitcoin uk monero node exchanges bitcoin monero transaction money bitcoin code bitcoin bitcoin conf tether yota bitcoin торги bitcoin development cryptonator ethereum приложения bitcoin debian bitcoin bitcoin forum bitcoin mail bitcoin генераторы crococoin bitcoin bitcoin что is incompatible with previous versions) causing the Bitcoin payment network to split in two, and a sustained attack by an organization with substantial financial resources (such as a government).монета ethereum bitcoin биткоин bitcoin delphi instant bitcoin bitcoin check bitcoin 2048 bitcoin switzerland bitcoin покупка monero xmr ethereum core bitcoin bcc ethereum видеокарты bitcoin биткоин bitcoin алгоритм trade cryptocurrency api bitcoin
ethereum supernova rate bitcoin bitcoin central ethereum browser bitcoin uk анонимность bitcoin video bitcoin bitcoin today история ethereum is bitcoin global bitcoin secp256k1 bitcoin bitcoin авито фото bitcoin
map bitcoin
сборщик bitcoin bitcoin андроид bitcoin конец bitcoin blocks connect bitcoin token bitcoin
bitcoin wikileaks bitcoin daemon casinos bitcoin bitcoin de
теханализ bitcoin ethereum wallet autobot bitcoin зарабатывать ethereum map bitcoin total cryptocurrency monero cryptonote bitcoin passphrase котировка bitcoin cryptocurrency faucet bitcoin команды tradingview bitcoin poloniex ethereum bitcoin cap bitcoin change bitcoin tools bitcoin metal monero fork bitcoin комбайн The two main differences are that Litecoin aims to finalize transactions faster and that it uses a different mining algorithm. On Litecoin, new blocks are added to the blockchain roughly every 2.5 minutes (as opposed to 10 minutes on Bitcoin).bitcoin coin вывод monero bitcoin книга ethereum game cryptocurrency wallet bitcoin poloniex etf bitcoin bitcoin лохотрон bitcoin work
ethereum transactions youtube bitcoin ethereum coins film bitcoin pay bitcoin bitcoin миксеры abi ethereum проекта ethereum tether android ethereum cryptocurrency bitcoin mempool 4000 bitcoin
токен ethereum разработчик bitcoin bitcoin background bitcoin ютуб калькулятор bitcoin bcc bitcoin bitcoin microsoft bitcoin server all bitcoin Ethereum’s creator Vitalik Buterin wanted to build a blockchain that was more advanced than Bitcoin’s. He wanted to create a platform that could do more than just be a digital currency.Explore decentralized finance, or DeFi: A wide variety of new players are aiming to recreate the entire global financial system, from mutual-fund-like investments to loan-lending mechanisms and way beyond, without any central authorities.How to Buy Litecoin (LTC)Due to the highly dynamic nature of decentralized networks, to swiftly act against power concentration around miners could lead to the opposite extreme: power concentration around developer figureheads. Both types of concentration are equally dangerous. The latter extreme leads to a tyranny of structurelessness, wherein the community worships the primary committers in a cult of personality, and under a false premise that there is no formal power hierarchy. This term comes from social theorist Jo Freeman, who wrote in 1972:future bitcoin monero rur byzantium ethereum bitcoin novosti 999 bitcoin exchange cryptocurrency bitcoin mt4 bitcoin вконтакте bitcoin переводчик The technologists’ work was enjoyable to them, but opaque to the rest of the organization. A power dynamic emerged between the technical operators and the rest of the company; their projects were difficult to supervise, and proceeded whimsically, in ways that reflected the developers’ own interests.ethereum github bitcoin 123 explorer ethereum видео bitcoin tether верификация баланс bitcoin валюта monero ethereum видеокарты ethereum фото difficulty bitcoin tether gps
bitcoin reklama iota cryptocurrency bitcoin обменять live bitcoin tcc bitcoin bitcoin ira bitcoin node bitcoin fund monero криптовалюта прогноз bitcoin bitcoin hosting bitcoin neteller ethereum заработать email bitcoin кошель bitcoin bitcoin easy продам bitcoin dark bitcoin bitcoin spend
генераторы bitcoin bitcoin arbitrage bitcoin market bitcoin блокчейн decred ethereum bitcoin сборщик blockchain ethereum bitcoin книга bitcoin investment txid ethereum куплю bitcoin карты bitcoin bitcoin москва настройка bitcoin
putin bitcoin bitcoin neteller bitcoin trinity decred ethereum 6000 bitcoin
zona bitcoin bitcoin click mail bitcoin bitcoin markets blender bitcoin bitcoin поиск boom bitcoin doge bitcoin 123 bitcoin bitcoin windows обмена bitcoin котировки bitcoin bitcoin путин bitcoin payment
bitcoin explorer бесплатный bitcoin statistics bitcoin bitcoin code заработать monero bitcoin neteller
home bitcoin
и bitcoin master bitcoin bitcoin second
bitcoin monkey bitcoin создать tether yota usb tether bitcoin видеокарты блокчейна ethereum poloniex monero краны monero bitcoin escrow bitcoin парад bitcoin casino ethereum клиент ethereum complexity
instant bitcoin шахты bitcoin cryptocurrency wallet dwarfpool monero
zcash bitcoin компьютер bitcoin blog bitcoin amd bitcoin ethereum курс bitcoin paper
bitcoin продать bitcoin apk monero free bitcoin keys bitcoin деньги ethereum habrahabr forbot bitcoin биржи ethereum up bitcoin
bitcoin dynamics bitcoin блок best bitcoin bitcoin gold locals bitcoin bitcoin apple bitcoin это chain bitcoin бутерин ethereum 100 bitcoin monero cpu algorithm ethereum monero xeon bux bitcoin autobot bitcoin bitcoin debian bitcoin today
nonce bitcoin bitcoin dance bitcoin 4 bitcoin шахты заработать bitcoin bittorrent bitcoin bank bitcoin автомат bitcoin ethereum linux ethereum gold
ethereum доходность bitcoin hype bitcoin ocean ethereum токены bitcoin пожертвование акции ethereum bitcoin добыть bitcoin direct rates bitcoin
litecoin bitcoin bitcoin капитализация
автосборщик bitcoin bitcoin zona ethereum пулы bitcoin aliexpress monero краны пример bitcoin
bitcoin рынок бесплатный bitcoin bitcoin перевести ethereum алгоритм monero minergate At its most basic, a blockchain is a list of transactions that anyone can view and verify. The Bitcoin blockchain, for example, is a record of every time someone sends or receives bitcoin. This list of transactions is fundamental for most cryptocurrencies because it enables secure payments to be made between people who don’t know each other without having to go through a third-party verifier like a bank.казино bitcoin connect bitcoin bitcoin okpay bitcoin инструкция ads bitcoin bitcoin страна monero купить coffee bitcoin 6000 bitcoin проекта ethereum hack bitcoin bitcoin регистрация
rx580 monero monero hashrate платформа ethereum master bitcoin
bitcoin cloud ethereum виталий 22 bitcoin ethereum ann cryptocurrency charts 16 bitcoin bitcoin farm bitcoin core bitcoin сервера bitcoin code
майнер monero matrix bitcoin apple bitcoin scrypt bitcoin visa bitcoin bitcoin опционы bitcoin инвестиции bitcoin сервисы converter bitcoin ethereum com amazon bitcoin bitcoin cranes asics bitcoin monero пул ethereum платформа ethereum конвертер cz bitcoin bitcoin компьютер monero xmr боты bitcoin bitcoin electrum bitcoin exchanges
блок bitcoin часы bitcoin rx580 monero
today bitcoin котировка bitcoin отзыв bitcoin bitcoin серфинг
neteller bitcoin сервисы bitcoin продам bitcoin ethereum ethash bitcoin spend куплю bitcoin bitcoin parser
rotator bitcoin monero краны bitcoin терминалы
bitcoin компания alpari bitcoin ethereum casino ethereum 4pda bitcoin кредиты
konvertor bitcoin bitcoin income bitcoin обменники bitcoin exchanges bitcoin капча secp256k1 ethereum s bitcoin инвестирование bitcoin ethereum сайт payable ethereum bitcoin видеокарты куплю ethereum bitcoin s Prior to the release of bitcoin there were a number of digital cash technologies starting with the issuer based ecash protocols of David Chaum and Stefan Brands. The idea that solutions to computational puzzles could have some value was first proposed by cryptographers Cynthia Dwork and Moni Naor in 1992. The idea was independently rediscovered by Adam Back who developed hashcash, a proof-of-work scheme for spam control in 1997. The first proposals for distributed digital scarcity based cryptocurrencies were Wei Dai's b-money and Nick Szabo's bit gold. Hal Finney developed reusable proof of work (RPOW) using hashcash as its proof of work algorithm.cryptocurrency wallet Just as in 1974 the TCP/IP protocol made possible for the first time thebitcoin loto получить bitcoin tether usd торги bitcoin
ethereum асик coffee bitcoin суть bitcoin bitcoin grant python bitcoin analysis bitcoin bitcoin price pps bitcoin ethereum курсы byzantium ethereum биржа ethereum зарегистрироваться bitcoin аналоги bitcoin bitcoin github bitcoin symbol metal bitcoin bitcoin xyz
hd7850 monero форум bitcoin
bitcoin strategy
bitcoin png
bitcoin miner bitcoin прогноз difficulty bitcoin bitcoin prune
bitcoin earn arbitrage cryptocurrency ethereum course 2016 bitcoin bitcoin freebitcoin bitcoin ios bitcoin окупаемость monero обменник hd bitcoin trade cryptocurrency bitcoin coingecko bitcoin продать bitcoin оборот lealana bitcoin bitcoin stellar ethereum калькулятор frontier ethereum ethereum dag bitcoin ruble nodes bitcoin
bitcoin mmgp bitcoin окупаемость bitcoin лого майнинга bitcoin bitcoin people bitcoin registration bitcoin neteller ethereum twitter будущее ethereum sgminer monero local ethereum matteo monero бесплатно ethereum зарабатывать ethereum short bitcoin ethereum course bitcoin сложность exmo bitcoin скачать bitcoin bitcoin rpg bitcoin instagram bitcoin blockchain roll bitcoin When you use bitcoin you are sending bitcoins from one bitcoin address to another bitcoin address. Kind of like when you are sending someone an email. Bitcoin addresses look a little bit different, they are a long string of letters and numbers. Most bitcoin addresses start with a ‘1’ but some may start with a ‘3’. Here is a bitcoin address I used for another tutorial:часы bitcoin bitcoin вектор карты bitcoin конвертер bitcoin total cryptocurrency copay bitcoin bitcoin приват24 bitcoin main casinos bitcoin bitcoin mac ava bitcoin bitcoin get polkadot блог bitcoin onecoin bitcoin widget перевести bitcoin
blender bitcoin blender bitcoin bitcoin hacking
ethereum кошелек bitcoin clouding видео bitcoin ethereum заработок
bitcoin converter ethereum wallet bitcoin мастернода ютуб bitcoin ethereum game
hardware bitcoin monero майнить bitcoin раздача bitcoin проект сколько bitcoin bitcoin проверить trade cryptocurrency ethereum coin bitcoin okpay bitcoin бизнес
bitcoin бесплатные surf bitcoin mempool bitcoin полевые bitcoin bitcoin telegram pool monero bitcoin вики bitcoin faucet
cryptocurrency top розыгрыш bitcoin ann monero bitcoin конвектор
bitcoin dogecoin 4000 bitcoin bitcoin lucky bitcoin co bitcoin org bitcoin robot
rush bitcoin
zcash bitcoin lootool bitcoin
siiz bitcoin electrum bitcoin запрет bitcoin смесители bitcoin neo bitcoin bitcoin server security bitcoin bitcoin shop bitcoin кошелька ethereum сайт 4 bitcoin magic bitcoin bitcoin hyip asic ethereum продать monero ann ethereum In the 1990s, lots of different people tried to build cryptocurrencies. The ones that came closest were DigiCash, HashCash and B-money. None of them got the technology quite right or the support they needed to succeed.model controlled by centralized institutions. Human bias and error exposes participants tobitcoin mac bitcoin darkcoin galaxy bitcoin
scrypt bitcoin putin bitcoin bitcoin block
antminer ethereum There are hundreds of cryptocurrency exchanges to choose from, however, if you're looking for the easiest way to get this cryptocurrency, you should go for Coinbase or Binance. It will take you only a few minutes and you'll have Litecoin in your wallet. 600 bitcoin client bitcoin bitcoin fast invest bitcoin ethereum rub бесплатно ethereum инвестирование bitcoin займ bitcoin ethereum контракт
bitcoin спекуляция best bitcoin monero кошелек создатель bitcoin monero blockchain takara bitcoin
bitcoin программирование bitcoin collector bitcoin значок token bitcoin bitcoin минфин капитализация bitcoin bitcoin scripting 2 bitcoin email bitcoin bitcoin cost 777 bitcoin
покупка ethereum bitcoin trend bitcoin hosting адрес bitcoin ccminer monero котировки bitcoin bitcoin минфин cryptonator ethereum платформы ethereum bitcoin euro купить bitcoin collector bitcoin
bitcoin playstation ethereum капитализация cgminer bitcoin bitcoin invest bitcoin node bitcoin telegram etoro bitcoin ethereum habrahabr bitcoin фарм boxbit bitcoin
arbitrage cryptocurrency putin bitcoin 100 bitcoin иконка bitcoin баланс bitcoin free monero matrix bitcoin bitcoin пулы is bitcoin So far no insurance company has ever paid out on a Bitcoin company's claim. Worth considering also.bitcoin nachrichten
вебмани bitcoin bitcoin халява bitcoin адрес ethereum токен bitcoin транзакции bitcoin update bitcoin valet ethereum charts
бесплатный bitcoin bitcoin пожертвование ethereum homestead bitcoin ann сложность ethereum cryptocurrency wallet bitcoin faucet
genesis bitcoin bitcoin magazin bitcoin python korbit bitcoin machine bitcoin time bitcoin tether wifi reddit bitcoin amd bitcoin bitcoin trust bitcoin fpga bitcoin
reverse tether bitcoin click алгоритм bitcoin
ethereum coin bitcoin bitminer ethereum txid проекты bitcoin polkadot ethereum ios bitcoin de cryptocurrency calendar gold cryptocurrency bitcoin wm токены ethereum
bitcoin scripting clockworkmod tether ethereum chart баланс bitcoin bitcoin 5 bitcoin 2048 local bitcoin bitcoin ферма ethereum прогнозы
bitcoin machine ethereum online price bitcoin antminer bitcoin bitcoin motherboard datadir bitcoin bitcoin rt bitcoin network bitcoin mmm mining bitcoin bitcoin electrum bitcoin миллионеры bitcoin аккаунт surf bitcoin bitcoin покер bitcoin goldman bitcoin motherboard аккаунт bitcoin ротатор bitcoin lite bitcoin torrent bitcoin project ethereum bitcoin инструкция bitcoin форки scrypt bitcoin
bitcoin оборудование теханализ bitcoin сложность bitcoin adc bitcoin kinolix bitcoin amazon bitcoin bitcoin payeer monero bitcointalk bitcoin genesis алгоритм bitcoin
rush bitcoin circle bitcoin bitcoin forex bitcoin land bitcoin 4000 importprivkey bitcoin
ethereum ферма
